Genetic Diversity Studied on Some Polyembryoinc& Monoembryonic Mango Genotypes using Morphological and Molecular markers

Abstract

This study was carried out during 2013 and 2014 growing seasons on eight years old trees to study the cross amongsome mango cultivars (Mangifera indica) mono- embryonic (Keitt – Zill – Sensation) and polyembryonic mango (13/1-Sabra- Peetch) on the orchard of the Tropical fruit garden in Horticulture Research Institute, Giza, Egypt. Physical andchemical characteristics of fruits were study besides of molecular characterization (RAPD).The data showed that the Keittcultivar had significantly higher average fruit lengths. On the country, Zill cultivar recorded the lowest one. Also, Keittcultivar had the biggest in weight fruit followed by Sensation, but Peetch and Zill produced the smallest one. Furthermore,Zill fruit gave the highest values of non-reducing sugar and the lowest one was clear in Peetch fruit. Meanwhile, the totalsugar percentages revealed that Zill cultivar recorded the greatest content. The highest value of the acidity percentage wasfound in Sabra fruit and the lowest value was found in Zill fruit. However, the highest Vit.C was clear in Keitt fruit andthe lowest one was shown in 13/1 fruit. Moreover, genetic studies was used to determined genetic variability, relationshipand identify unique molecular marker characterizing six mango genotypes and their hybrids using eight of the RAPDprimers. Number of polymorphic bands ranged from 5 to 24, detecting 99 polymorphic bands with an average 12.3 bands /primer. The highest number of polymorphic bands (24) was obtained with primer OPO16, representing the highestpercentage (100%) of polymorphism. H13 was closely related to Keitt genotype, H5 was closely Zill genotype andSensation genotype revealed genetic relation with hybrids (H11, H1, H10 and H12).