Abstract
The genetic structure of Brycon opalinus (Brazilian freshwater fish species) from seven wild populations across Paraíba do Sul basin and one cultured population was investigated using 7 microsatellite loci. Polymorphism at all loci was assessed with a total of 162 different alleles found. The observed heterozygosity ( H o) ranged from 0.23 to 1.00. Almost all populations, except from Itagaçaba River, deviated significantly to HWE showing deficit of heterozygote. All populations were characterized by high microsatellite variability (mean H=85.6%). Genetic structure was evidence by a significant F ST (0.0432). All pairwise distances ( F ST) were significant, suggesting that each population is a different unit of management. The hatchery, stocked since the 50s, showed the second great average allele number: 13.43 and a gene diversity ( H; observed with microsatellite markers) equal to 0.789. This was similar to previously published mitochondrial data ( h=0.753).
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