Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent pathology among HTLV-I+ individuals being capable of severely compromising the kidneys and bladder. Molecular characteristics of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from HTLV-I+ infected individuals are unknown. UPEC isolates from HTVL-I+ individuals, with and without clinical symptoms of myelopathy, were submitted to genetic typing seeking to infer bacterial diversity and potential virulence. 71 bacterial isolates were characterized according to random amplified polymorphic DNA and phylotypes. Phylotyping classified E. coli into four phylogenetic groups: A (18.3%), B1 (16.9%), B2 (39.4%), and D (25.3%) and 8 phylotypes according to the presence of the genetic sequences chuA, yjaA and the DNA fragment TSPE4.C2: ﹣﹣﹣ (5.6%) and ﹣+﹣ (12.6%) in phylogroup A, ﹣﹣+ (7.0%) and ﹣++ (9.8%) in B1, +++ (32.3%) and ++﹣ (7.0%) in B2, +﹣﹣ (15.4%) and +﹣+ (9.8%) in D. The B2 phylogroup was the most prevalent among HTLV﹣ associated myelopathy and asymptomatic individuals. RAPD-PCR typing revealed a high degree of bacterial polymorphism indicating a non-clonal origin. Genotypes were not found to be distributed according to clinical status or epidemiological features. Our results lead us to suggest that the neurological impairment in HTLV-I+ individuals can be a risk factor for urinary infections due E. coli which are caused by distinct bacterial lineages.
Highlights
The Human T-lymphoytropic type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus associated with a chronic myelopathy known as HTLV-I-Associated Myelopathy or Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) [1]
Our study investigated the genetic diversity and the phylogenetic groups of 71 E. coli uropathogenic isolates recovered from HTLV-I+ individuals, with and without clinical myelopathy symptoms
The overall chromosomal analysis of E. coli isolates from HTLV-associated myelopathy and asymptomatic individuals, showed distinct genetic background which is consistent with previous observations with nonrelated epidemiological strains and characterizing distinct evolutionary lineages
Summary
The Human T-lymphoytropic type I (HTLV-I) is a retrovirus associated with a chronic myelopathy known as HTLV-I-Associated Myelopathy or Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP) [1]. Among the molecular techniques used for the study of diversity in E. coli populations, the technique of random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) has received special attention as a typing method due to its simplicity of execution, low cost, flexibility, discriminatory power, and reproducibility under standardized experimental conditions. These studies have allowed the detection of the circulation of particular genetic lineages and revealed that E. coli epidemiologically correlated share urovirulence properties which are relevant for the determination and evolution of the clinical conditions [12] [13]. Individuals, with and without clinical myelopathy symptoms, by the random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and PCR-multiplex seeking to infer bacterial diversity, genetic interrelations and potential virulence
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