Abstract
Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) with black seed coats and green cotyledons are rich in anthocyanins and chlorophylls known as functional nutrients, antioxidants and compounds with anticarcinogenic properties. Understanding the genetic diversity of germplasm is important to determine effective strategies for improving the economic traits of these soybeans. We aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 470 soybean accessions by 6K single nucleotide polymorphic loci to determine genetic architecture of the soybeans with black seed coats and green cotyledons. We found soybeans with black seed coats and green cotyledons showed narrow genetic variability in South Korea. The genotypic frequency of the d1d2 and psbM variants for green cotyledon indicated that soybean collections from Korea were intermingled with soybean accessions from Japan and China. Regarding the chlorophyll content, the nuclear gene variant pair d1d2 produced significantly higher chlorophyll a content than that of chloroplast genome psbM variants. Among the soybean accessions in this study, flower color plays an important role in the anthocyanin composition of seed coats. We provide 36 accessions as a core collection representing 99.5% of the genetic diversity from the total accessions used in this study to show potential as useful breeding materials for cultivars with black seed coats and green cotyledons.
Highlights
The composition of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seeds is 40% protein, 20% oil, and 15% soluble carbohydrates, making it one of the most economically important crops in the world
black seed coats and green cotyledons (BLG) soybeans are preferred by consumers for health benefits, and are often cooked with rice and other side dishes in Korea
The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity of BLG accessions by 6K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to understand their genetic architecture
Summary
The composition of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seeds is 40% protein, 20% oil, and 15% soluble carbohydrates, making it one of the most economically important crops in the world. Soybeans with black seed coats have been attracting interest as a soybean food [3]. Soybeans with black seed coats can be classified into two groups based on their cotyledon colors, which are either green or yellow. Soybean with black seed coats and green cotyledons (BLG) have been used as traditional ingredients in medicinal treatments in China, Japan, and Korea, unlike yellow commodity soybeans [4]. BLG soybeans are preferred by consumers for health benefits, and are often cooked with rice and other side dishes in Korea
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