Abstract
Assessments of genetic diversity have been claimed to be significantly efficient in utilising and managing resources of genetic for breeding programme. In this study, variations in genetic were observed in 65 pineapple accessions gathered from germplasm available at Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI) located in Pontian, Johor via 15 markers of simple sequence repeat (SSR). The results showed that 59 alleles appeared to range from 2.0 to 6.0 alleles with a mean of 3.9 alleles per locus, thus displaying polymorphism for all samples at a moderate level. Furthermore, the values of polymorphic information content (PIC) had been found to range between 0.104 (TsuAC035) and 0.697 (Acom_9.9), thus averaging at the value of 0.433. In addition, the expected and the observed heterozygosity of each locus seemed to vary within the ranges of 0.033 to 0.712, and from 0.033 to 0.885, along with the average values of 0.437 and 0.511, respectively. The population structure analysis via method of delta K (ΔK), along with mean of L (K) method, revealed that individuals from the germplasm could be divided into two major clusters based on genetics (K = 2), namely Group 1 and Group 2. As such, five accessions (Yankee, SRK Chalok, SCK Giant India, SC KEW5 India and SC1 Thailand) were clustered in Group 1, while the rest were clustered in Group 2. These outcomes were also supported by the dendrogram, which had been generated through the technique of unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). These analyses appear to be helpful amongst breeders to maintain and to manage their collections of germplasm. Besides, the data gathered in this study can be useful for breeders to exploit the area of genetic diversity in estimating the level of heterosis.
Highlights
Homonym and synonym are common nomenclatures that refer to pineapples (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.), primarily due to the variations of naming customs among breeders and cultivators from within or between nations (Vanijajiva 2012; Feng et al 2013)
The scoring error, the large allele dropout, and null alleles were not recorded for all the 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers after they were analysed via MicroChecker 2.2 the population is probably in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (HWB)
This study reveals that Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI)’s pineapple germplasm has a moderate range of diversity
Summary
Homonym and synonym are common nomenclatures that refer to pineapples (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.), primarily due to the variations of naming customs among breeders and cultivators from within or between nations (Vanijajiva 2012; Feng et al 2013). These have led to redundancy and major mix-up, which have subsequently caused numerous problems that involve genetic resource utilisation and management in breeding programme. Plant genetic resources (PGR), such as collection of germplasm, seems to be some of the significant aspects for enhancement of crop varietal and agrobiodiversity. Breeders of plants carry out their programmes by depending on the availability of genetic variability, which can be found in their collection of germplasm.
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