Abstract
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), as a family of highly polymorphic genes associated with immunity in the genome of the vertebrate, has become an important indicator for assessing the evolutionary potential of wildlife. In order to better protect Zootoca vivipara in the Greater Khingan Range and Lesser Khingan Range, to understand the genetic structure of Z. vivipara, and to explore the mechanism and phylogenetic relationship of the gene polymorphisms, the MHC molecular marker method was used to analyze Z. vivipara population. Forty-seven alleles were obtained from four populations. The four populations were highly polymorphic, rich in genetic information, and had significant genetic diversity. There were certain inbreeding phenomena. There was a high degree of genetic differentiation among populations, which was caused by genetic drift and natural selection. The sequence undergoes genetic duplication and recombination. The existence of trans-species polymorphism was found in the constructed phylogenetic tree. The present study provides a theoretical basis for species protection of Z. vivipara.
Highlights
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), as a family of highly polymorphic genes associated with immunity in the genome of the vertebrate, has become an important indicator for assessing the evolutionary potential of wildlife
There was a high degree of genetic differentiation among populations, which was caused by genetic drift and natural selection
The presence of non-canonical MHC class I genes was not found in this study, probably due to the small sample size of four populations and the small number of ten positive clones selected per individual, resulting in the failure to acquire all of the alleles
Summary
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), as a family of highly polymorphic genes associated with immunity in the genome of the vertebrate, has become an important indicator for assessing the evolutionary potential of wildlife. The present study amplified MHC I genes of four populations of Z. vivipara in China for the first time, and cloned the complete exons 3 and 4 regions from the DNA and RNA molecule level for subsequent analysis. The presence of non-canonical MHC class I genes was not found in this study, probably due to the small sample size of four populations and the small number of ten positive clones selected per individual, resulting in the failure to acquire all of the alleles.
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