Abstract
One of the ways to improve the quality of Indonesian Durian is by utilizing germplasm diversity. Durio zibethinus is the most cultivated durian in Indonesia, whereas Durio kutejensis is a unique durian cultivar which has golden yellow fruit flesh without smell. Crossbreeding of those two cultivars, in order to generate superior Durian cultivars has been done. Genetic diversity of durian generates from cross breeding between D. kutejensis and D. zibethinus was identified in molecular level using RAPD technique. Among 20 primers used in this study, 5 primers: OPA-02, OPA-03, OPA-08, OPA-10 and OPA-13 were capable of differentiating both the parents and the hybrids. RAPD analysis resulted in genetic diversity of hybrid Durian with family relationship of 0.59%-0.1%. Hybrids UB1, UB5, UB13, UB19, UB21, UB7 and UB35 have similarity value of 0.81% with their parent DRCK, whereas hybrids UB8, UB10, UB18 and UB17 have similarity value of 0.70% with their parent DRCM1. Hybrids UB2, UB16 and UB22 belong to one group with similarity value of 0.67%. Three hybrids lines UB2, UB16 and UB22 show the highest distance to both parent. The rest of the hybrids lines grouped into similar cluster to the parents D. kutejensis, whereas the other parent (D. zibethinus) belong to different cluster separated from all other hybrid lines and parents.
Highlights
Indonesia is a tropical country that possesses large tropical rain forests with the biggest biodiversity in the world, including genetic diversity of tropical fruits
Genetic diversity of durian generates from cross breeding between D. kutejensis and D. zibethinus was identified in molecular level using RAPD technique
Three hybrids lines UB2, UB16 and UB22 show the highest distance to both parent
Summary
Indonesia is a tropical country that possesses large tropical rain forests with the biggest biodiversity in the world, including genetic diversity of tropical fruits. Compared to other molecular markers, RAPD is easy to be conducted, fast, requiring a small amount of DNA (0.5 - 50 ng), does not require radioisotopes and does not require prior information of DNA sequence of the sample [9,10]. This technique has been widely used to analyze genetic diversity in crops such as citrus, sugarcane, durian sukun, grape, potato, soybean, kenaf, warty cabbage and cotton [9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. More molecular data of the cross breeding between the two species of durians was needed, so in this experiment RAPD analysis was done
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