Genetic diversity of Clarias anguillaris from the Bakoye River in Mali

Ramata Diop Ramata Diop,Nanourou Dembele Nanourou Dembele,Adama Konate Adama Konate,Youssouf Sanogo Youssouf Sanogo,Drissa Konate Drissa Konate,Rokiatou Fane Rokiatou Fane,Sognan Dao Sognan Dao,Diakaridia Traore Diakaridia Traore,Oumar Ouattara Oumar Ouattara,Fassé Samake Fassé Samake

doi:10.30574/ijbpsa.2021.1.2.0039

Ramata Diop Ramata Diop, Nanourou Dembele Nanourou Dembele + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.30574/ijbpsa.2021.1.2.0039

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Abstract

Clarias anguillaris is a wild species found in River basins in Mali. It is the species most commonly used in fish farming in community stockings. However, it excites little study on the genetic diversity of this species in the natural environment in Mali. The present study focused on the genetic diversity of Clarias anguillaris from the Bakoye River, a tributary of the Senegal River in Mali. A total of (8) microsatellite markers were applied to 47 samples taken at random from the River. The markers were Cga02, Cga03, Cga06, Cga10, Cba11, Cba19, Cba20 and Cma12. The number of alleles, the number of genotype, genetic diversity, Polymorphism Information content (PIC), observed and expected heterozygosity were determined. The results showed that the number of alleles ranged from 1 to 7, with an average of 4.25 per locus. The mean rate of observed heterozygosity was 0.34 lower than that of expected heterozygosity which was 0.48 indicating nonconformity of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allele frequency ranged from 0.35 at the Cba19 locus to 1 at the Cba11 locus, with a mean of 0.62. Genetic diversity ranged from 0 for Cba11 to 0.75 for Cba19. The markers Cga02, Cga03, Cga06, Cba19, Cba20 and Cma12 were polymorphic with an average peak of 0.42. The phylogenetic tree presented two groups of genotypes showing diversity within the species. Group I comprised 60.42% of individuals and group II presented 39.58% with 3 subgroups (A, B and C). The genetic distance (0.05) indicates little differentiation between individuals.

Highlights

The River basins of Mali made up of the Niger, Senegal and Volta Rivers contain two species of Clarias [1]
The present study focused on the genetic diversity of Clarias anguillaris from the Bakoye River, a tributary of the Senegal River in Mali
The diversity of each locus was analyzed on the basis of the following five statistical parameters: number of alleles, frequency of alleles, and number of genotypes, genetic diversity and Polymorphism Information content (PIC) (Polymorphism Information Content)

Summary

Introduction

The River basins of Mali made up of the Niger, Senegal and Volta Rivers contain two species of Clarias [1]. The controlled landings of catches of these species show 4,873 tonnes out of the 98,332 tonnes of fish caught in Mali in 2017 [2]. The fisheries and aquaculture sector must respond to priorities such as food security and the fight against poverty while ensuring the conservation of biodiversity [3]. This is only possible with a good knowledge of the biology and genetics of fish of economic interest including species of the genus Clarias in Mali [4]

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Conclusion