Abstract
Understand genetic diversity and genetic structure of germplasm is premise of germplasm conservation and utilization. And core collection can reduce the cost and difficulty of germplasm conservation. Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz is an important medicinal, fruit and oil crop, particularly in China. In this study, 28 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 955 A. trifoliata germplasms, determine their molecular identity and extract a core collection. The genetic diversity of the 955 germplasms was moderately polymorphic. The average number of alleles (Na), observed heterozygosity (HO), expected heterozygosity (HE), Shannon’s information index (I∗), and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 3.71, 0.24, 0.46, 0.81, and 0.41, respectively. Four subpopulations were identified, indicating a weak genetic structure. A 955 germplasms could be completely distinguished by the characters of s28, s25, s74, s89, s68, s30, s13, s100, s72, s77, and s3. And each germplasm’s molecular identity was made up of eleven characters. The core collection was composed of 164 germplasms (17.2% of 955 total germplasms in the population) and diversity parameters differed significantly from those of a random core collection. These results have implications for germplasm conservation. At the same time, based on the results, the 955 germplasm could be better used and managed.
Highlights
Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz belongs to the family Lardizabalaceae and genus Akebia Decne and is mainly distributed throughout China, Japan, North Korea, and Russia
In comparison with the total natural population, the final core collection retention rate was 94.2, 98.7, 116.4, and 116.73% of number of alleles (Na), HO, Nei’s distance, and polymorphic information content (PIC), respectively. These results indicated that the core collection could represent the genetic diversity of 955 germplasms
To the best of our knowledge, this study used the largest number of A. trifoliata germplasms to date
Summary
Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz belongs to the family Lardizabalaceae and genus Akebia Decne and is mainly distributed throughout China, Japan, North Korea, and Russia. In China, this species is mainly distributed in the Yangtze and Yellow River Basins, and Shaanxi-Sichuan area (Xie et al, 2006). Genetic Diversity of A. trifoliata (Xu et al, 2016). A. trifoliata has a wide range of uses, the research progress on its biology has been slow, especially its domestication and genetics. There is few work on the evolution, origin, domestication and so on of this species, which greatly limits its development. With the analysis of the genetic mechanism of main phenotypic characterization and its genome, it is expected to change the status quo (Niu et al, 2020; Huang et al, 2021)
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