Abstract
Genetic diversity in 38 traditional local rice genotypes grown as Jhum in the hilly areas was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster V contained the highest number of genotypes (12) and the cluster I and III contained the lowest (5). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster III and lowest for cluster I. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and III followed by cluster II and III, cluster III and IV and the lowest between cluster II and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster III showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster III could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, unfilled grain panicle-1, grain length and grain length breath ratio had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for plant height, filled grains panicle-1 and yield were obtained from cluster III. The highest flag leaf width, days to 50% flowering, unfilled grain panicle-1, grain length, grain breath and grain length breath ratio while the lowest mean value for yield were found in cluster I. The lowest days to 50% flowering and maturity, and highest mean value for 1000-grain weight were found in cluster IV. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster I and cluster III for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster IV which could produce new recombinants with desired traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i2.17003
Highlights
Rice is considered as a major cereal crop in Bangladesh as it constitutes 96% of the total food grain production (Anonymous, 2008)
The present study was, undertaken to assess the extent of genetic diversity in 38 traditional rice varieties grown as Jhum in hilly areas
Thirty eight rice genotypes of hilly areas that are grown as jhum selected from the germplasm bank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur were grown under rainfed condition in 2011
Summary
Rice is considered as a major cereal crop in Bangladesh as it constitutes 96% of the total food grain (rice & wheat) production (Anonymous, 2008). With the development of advanced biometrical techniques such as multivariate analysis based on the Mahalanobis (1936) statistics, quantification of divergence among the biological population and assessing the relative contribution of different components to the total divergence at intra and intercluster levels have become possible Such a study permits to select the genetically diverse parents to obtain the desirable recombinant in the segregating generations upon crossing. The present study was, undertaken to assess the extent of genetic diversity in 38 traditional rice varieties grown as Jhum in hilly areas This will help in classifying those into clusters to select genotypes as prospective parents to develop transgressive segregants which will be used for developing modern variety suitable for hilly areas as well as conserve soil by decreasing soil erosion caused by Jhum cultivation
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