Abstract
The genetic diversity was assessed in 42 Brassica rapa genotypes for identifying parental genotypes having distant relationship for hybridization. All the genotypes were analyzed through principal component analysis, principal coordinate analysis canonical variate analysis and non-hierarchical clustering which compute Mahalanobis’s D2 statistics. The genotypes under study were grouped into six clusters. The cluster V contained the maximum numbers of genotypes (15) and cluster III had the minimum number of genotypes (3). The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster V that represented maximum variability within the cluster and Cluster VI had the lowest intra-cluster distance. The maximum inter cluster distance was noticed between the clusters II and III and the lowest between clusters II and VI. Cluster with large distances were considered more diverged than those with small distances. Yield and yield contributing characters such as days to 1st flowering, number of siliquae on main racemes, number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, 1000 seeds weight and seed yield per plant contributed more towards genetic divergence considering diversity pattern. Considering cluster distance, inter-genotypic distance, cluster mean and other agronomic performances genotypes BC-200502, BC-200505, BC-200506, BC-200510, BC-200512, BC-200515, BC-200519, BC-200521, BC-200529, BC-200530, BC-200531B, BC-200531Y, BC-200536, BC-200537, BC-200542, BC-200543, BARI Sarisha 12, and BARI Sarisha 14 may be selected from different clusters for hybridization program. Key words: Genetic divergence; Brassica rapa; cluster analysis; D2-statistics DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i1.9315 BJPBG 2010; 23(1): 31-37
Highlights
Rapeseed and Mustard belong to the family Cruciferae (Brassiceae)
The primary center of origin for Brassica campestris recently known as Brassica rapa is near the Himalayan region and the secondary center of origin is located in the European-Mediterranean area and Asia (Downey and Robbelen, 1989)
Forty two Brassica rapa genotypes were collected from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur-1706 and Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh
Summary
Rapeseed and Mustard belong to the family Cruciferae (Brassiceae). The tribe has 51 genera including Brassica consisting 37 species (Gomez-Campo and Hinata, 1980). The seeds of mustard contain 42% oil, 25% protein (Khaleque, 1985). The oil is mainly used as edible oil. The oil serves as solvent of vitamin A, D, E and K. The oil cake contains proteins of high biological value and appreciable quantities of calcium and phosphorus and used as a very good animal feed as well as fertilizer for various crops. Annual requirement of edible oil in Bangladesh is high against the total production. Oilseed crops play a vital role in human diet; the consumption rate of oil in our country is far below than that of
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