Abstract
Abstract Genetic diversity is an essential factor for the success of any plant breeding program and should be considered to ensure genetic gain through breeding. In Brazil, research on the genetic diversity and population structure of soybean is required since the species is an important commodity of the country. The study addressed the genetic diversity and population structure of 77 soybean genotypes using 35 SSR markers. The estimate of the diversity index showed that the level of genetic diversity in the soybean collection is low. Similarly, the Jaccard coefficient and Bayesian model based on clustering analysis confirmed the low diversity among soybean genotypes, providing evidence for the assumption of a genetic bottleneck effect on Brazilian soybean genotypes. The results also reinforced the importance of finding and incorporating new genetic resources of soybean in the genetic pool of Brazilian soybean to warrant genetic gain in soybean breeding in the future.
Highlights
The expansion of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) around the world is remarkable
Seventy-seven soybean genotypes, which represent different maturity groups released in Brazil and are part of the breeding program of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) were included in this study
Data analyses To study the genetic diversity and population structure, the soybean genotypes were clustered according to their maturity group and variety development method
Summary
The expansion of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) around the world is remarkable. Over the past few decades, the soybean acreage increased drastically, making this crop one of the most widely cultivated worldwide (Phalan et al 2013), mainly due to its outstanding role as protein and oil source (Clemente and Cahoon 2009). Seventy-seven soybean genotypes, which represent different maturity groups released in Brazil and are part of the breeding program of the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) were included in this study. Data analyses To study the genetic diversity and population structure, the soybean genotypes were clustered according to their maturity group and variety development method (transgenic or conventional).
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