Abstract
Genetic diversity of 46 landraces of Aus rice was studiedunder irrigated condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistics for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters. The highest inter-genotype distance was observed between the genotypes Lalgalong and Langrabeni and the lowest between Saita and Korchamuri respectively. The intra cluster distances were low for all the clusters ranging from 0.64 in cluster IV to 1.17 in cluster I. The highest inter cluster value was 11.45 (between cluster III and V) and the lowest was 4.36 (between cluster VI and VII). The highest cluster means for effective tiller number and grain yield per hill were obtained from cluster III. On the other hand, the highest leaf width and the highest spikelet fertility from cluster IV, tallest plant and the highest grain breadth from cluster VI, the highest 1000-grain weight from cluster V whereas the lowest mean value for days to 50% flowering and days to maturity were found in cluster VI.The genotypes from cluster III could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressivesegregants. Canonicalvectoranalysis revealed that days to 50% flowering and days to maturity were contributed maximum to the genetic divergence. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) revealed that the genotypes Begun bitchi, Rang mahal, Laxmijhota, Katar, Chiknal, Manikmendal, Baismugurwere found far away from the centroid of the cluster and can be selected as parents for further breeding programs.The results suggested thatLalgalong (acc. no. 1655) and Langrabeni (acc. no. 1645) can be crossed with the genotypes of cluster III and cluster VI to develop more promising as well as high yielding variety for Aus season.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops and a primary source of food for more than half of the world’s population (Khush 2005)
Forty six rice landraces (Table 1) of Aus season selected from the gene bank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur were grown under irrigated condition with three replications using one row of 5.4 m long each per entry/accession and single seedling per hill with a spacing of 25 X 20 cm between rows and plants, respectively during 2014
A total of 46 Aus rice germplasm were grown for genetic diversity study
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops and a primary source of food for more than half of the world’s population (Khush 2005). According to the United Nations (UN) estimates, the current world population 6.1 billion is expected to reach 8.0 billion by 2025 Most of this increase (93%) will take place in the developing world. Global rice production must reach 800 million tons of paddy rice to meet projected demand in 2025 (Peng et al 1999) which is about 200 million tones more than rice produced in 2006. This additional rice must come mainly from irrigated land in Asia, because improving rice yield in most rainfed regions is constrained by drought, flooding and poor soil quality (Cassman 1999). Bangladesh needs to increase the rice yield in order to meet the growing demand for food emanating from population growth
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