Genetic diversity and trait profiles of some Amaranthus genotypes

Oyeboade Adebiyi Oyetunde,Beatrice Toyin Osho,Muyideen Oluseyi Olayiwola

doi:10.36253/ahsc-10523

Oyeboade Adebiyi Oyetunde, Beatrice Toyin Osho + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-10523

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Abstract

Knowledge of the pattern of trait variation among accessions, and the trait profiles of the accessions is crucial for improvement of a crop. Twenty-one Amaranthus accessions were evaluated in 2018 and 2019 to investigate the extent of genotypic diversity among the amaranth accessions and their trait profiles. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and correlation and principal component analyses. Taking stem weight (SWT) as the yield, the accession × yield-trait combination (GYT) biplot was employed to investigate the trait profiles of the accessions. Accession, year, and accession × year mean squares were significant (P≤0.05/0.01) for most of the measured traits. The first three principal components explained 88.18% of observable variation among the accessions and identified plant height (PHT), number of leaves per plant (NOL), and root weight (RWT) as the major contributors. Significant (P≤0.01) correlation was observed in the association of SWT with NOL, TBM, and RWT. Accessions NGB00019 and NGB00061 were associated with the sector containing all the YT combinations considered. However, NGB00019 was identified as the best combiner of yield with other traits. Further studies involving more traits should determine the trait profiles of the remaining accessions.

Highlights

Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files
The significant difference observed among the accessions indicated the existence of variation with respect to the measured traits except for stem girth, and underscored the possibility of selection for improvement
Number of leaves per plant, root biomass and harvest index can be relied upon as important tools in long term selection gain

Summary

Introduction

Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. The leaf types including A. hybridus and A. tricolor are grown for their leaves consumed as vegetables while the grain amaranths such as A. caudatus, A. cruentus, and A. hypochondriacus are popular for the grains. Identifica tion of genetic superiority is hindered by unfavourable associations among a set of target traits since the decision is often based on multiple traits (Yan and FregeauReid, 2018). This implies that a successful cultivar must attain desirable levels for several key traits. Knowledge of the pattern of trait variation among accessions and the trait profile (strength and weakness) of available Amaranth accessions will aid the exploitation of existing geno typic diversity for improvement of the crop for desired traits. This study investigated the extent of geno typic diversity among amaranth accessions, as well as the trait profiles of the accessions with a view to providing information to aid effective future improve ment strategies

Materials and Methods

Results

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Discussion and Conclusions