Abstract
Indonesia was known to have high diversity of mangosteens (Garcinia mangostana) and the related species. Inorder to elucidate the genetics variability of the diversity, thirty three accessions were examined by using isozymeanalysis. The genetic diversity and relationships among several mangosteens and other Garcinia sp wereestablished by using four isozymes. The level of polymorphism as revealed by isoenzyme was 88%. Althoughmangosteen is believed to reproduce exclusively through apomixis, our result show that considerable geneticdiversity exists within G. mangostana and between other Garcinia species. Based on 27 bands there were 5-42%dissimilarity level among mangosteen accessions, while the other species has 75% dissimilarity. The dendrogramis built based on isozyme marker analysis to separate clusters of mangosteen and other Garcinia sp. The datashowed that G. mangostana is a close relative of G. malaccensis, G. porrecta, G. celebica, and G. hombroniana. Theconcurrence analysis on isozyme analysis result showed the very good fit of Rolf correlation value (0.914). Thisresult indicated that isozymes could group G.mangostana and the related species.
Highlights
The mangoesteen (Garcinia mangostana L) or known as Queen of Tropical Fruits is one of the best exported commodity from Indonesia
The aims of this research were to find out genetic variability and phylogentics among mangoesteens and related species, as well to find out the progenitors
The presence of EST7 bands significantly correlated with 3 bands on 3 other enzyme systems namely PER6, MDH4 and ACP5
Summary
The mangoesteen (Garcinia mangostana L) or known as Queen of Tropical Fruits is one of the best exported commodity from Indonesia. To increase the economic values, the production needs to be increased. This can be reached by the improvement of cultivation techniques and the use of the best seedlings as a result of the correct and strategic breeding. Genetic improvement of the mangoesteen depends on the genetic diversity sources. Indonesia is centre of diversity of mangoesteen in the South East Asia. Exploration, identification, and characterization were needed to find out the information about the new genetic diversity resources to improve the genetic characters and production. This study was aimed to trace the presence of variation in Indonesia mangoesteens (Drew, 1997). Mangoesteen is obligate apomictic that is the seeds were not the product of fertilization and the genetic diversity is narrow, so that it was estimated that there is only one species of mangoesteen on nature
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