Abstract
Molecular analysis of genetic diversity amongand within phenotypically similar wild Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum(chile) populations revealed geneticdifferences among accessions spread over abroad geographic range. These chiles areregionally known as chiltepins and are a 50metric ton per year wild harvest for the spiceindustry, as well as a genetic resource forcrop improvement. Understanding geneticvariability in this species providesinformation related to conservation efforts. The objective of this research was to surveygenetic diversity among and within an insitu population and ex situ accessionsof chiltepins. Random AmplifiedPolymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers wereused to study the genetic structure of an in situ population found at the nothernmostrange of this species and ex situaccessions collected from Mexico and Guatemala. Novel genetic variation was found in both thein situ northern disjunct population, aswell as some ex situ accessions, thussupporting conservation of this species viaboth in situ and ex situ strategies The evidence presented here supports effortsto conserve outlier populations via insitu management practices.
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