Abstract
Assessment of thirty-six similar named aromatic rice landraces of Bangladesh was analyzed using 36 microsatellite markers to characterize the landraces and also to establish the sovereignty of the Bangladeshi rice gene pool. With an average of 3.03 per locus, overall 109 alleles differed from 2 to 5 were detected at 36 microsatellite loci across the 36 aromatic rice landraces. With an average of 0.48, the diversity of genes ranged from 0.15 to 0.74. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.14 (RM500, RM554) to 0.69 (RM496), with an average of 0.41, revealed many variations among the studied landraces. The recurrence of the most prevalent allele at each locus ranged from 31.00% (RM496) to 96.00% (RM500 and RM554). At any given locus, on average 64.33% landraces out of 36 contributed a familiar major allele. For identification and diversity estimation of aromatic rice landraces, RM496 was the finest marker as affirmed by PIC values. Two clusters were revealed with a similarity coefficient of 0.45 by a UPGMA dendrogram in SSR. All the landraces were also divided into two groups (A and B) through the model-based clustering method, confirmed by UPGMA cluster analysis. Some of the SSR markers (RM1, RM489, RM39, RM474, RM2, RM214, RM21, and RM206) generated unique alleles that were specific to particular landraces and were useful for varietal identification. Besides, the evaluation of genotypic data demonstrated the landraces under this study provided noticeable genetic diversity. Meanwhile, for the future breeding program, the similarly named landraces need to be safeguarded. SAARC J. Agric., 19(2): 57-71 (2021)
Highlights
IntroductionIn the case of special occasions and export purposes, aromatic rice is preferred over nonaromatic rice for its notable features
One of the most popular food crops in the world is rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Genetic diversity and population structure of Bangladeshi rice germplasm have been studied by using molecular markers (Ahmed et al, 2016; Siddique et al, 2017; Islam et al, 2018a)
Summary
In the case of special occasions and export purposes, aromatic rice is preferred over nonaromatic rice for its notable features. Due to its superior grain qualities and pleasant aroma aromatic rice is a notable class of rice with high market value (Singh et al, 2000). It’s believed that the foothills of Himalayas, covering Bihar, Uttar Pradesh in India, and the Tarai region of Nepal are the center of diversity of aromatic rice landraces. Aromatic rice germplasm might be dispersed to the other different states within India and neighboring countries like Bangladesh and excellently adapted to the local environments of those areas (Khush, 2000). Bangladesh has more than 8000 rice germplasm of which more than 100 identified as aromatic landraces (Islam et al, 2016)
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