Abstract
The Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai is one of the most valuable mollusks in China. It also supports an important fishery in the northern coast of China, which has shown a declining tendency. The conservation of this species is attracting attentions under the potential threats of alien stocks and hybrid varieties disseminated in aquaculture. However, population genetics information on whole-genome level is lacking. The present study analyzed the genetic diversity, population structure, and inbreeding coefficient of nine populations collected from China and Japan using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data from 214 samples. The results showed higher observed heterozygosity (Ho) than expected heterozygosity (He), and negative inbreeding coefficient (Fis) values indicating an excess of heterozygotes, and highlighting medium to high genetic diversity within the population. The genetic structures of the nine populations were categorized into three distinct subgroups. Pairwise Fst values based on all SNP loci and those for neutral markers were consistently low, indicating an overall genetic homogeneity between the populations. The distribution of runs of homozygosity (ROH) lengths suggests the potential occurrence of kinship relationships in various historical periods, including both distant and recent periods. The TreeMix and shared haplotypes suggested strong gene flow from Japanese populations of Pacific abalone to Chinese populations. These findings establish the stock status of the Pacific abalone in China, providing a basis for conservation, fishery management and utilization of the stocks in aquaculture.
Published Version
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