Genetic Diversity and Phylogeny of Alocasia longiloba Miq. Indonesia Accessions Based on trnL-F Intergenic Spacer Region

Abstract

Alocasia longiloba Miq. is a member of the Araceae family, which was complex and has diverse leaf shapes, color, and venation. Studies on the diversity of A. longiloba focused mostly on morphological characteristics, while the genetic diversity of this species has never been published. Alocasia longiloba Miq. belongs to the Araceae family and has a variety of leaf shapes, colors, and venations. This research aims to determine the variation and relationshipgenetic diversity and phylogeny of the Indonesian accession of A. longiloba based on molecular approaches using trnL-F IGS region. A total of 20 accesses of A. longiloba from Indonesia were sequenced and one Alocasia suhirmaniana, along withthen together with 12 11 DNA sequences of A. longiloba and Amorphophallus muelleri registered at the NCBI, were aligned with the Mesquite software. Genetic diversity were examined using DnaSP ver. 6.12.03. The phylogenetic tree was reconstructed by MEGA 11 using the Maximum Parsimony method and the Tree-Bisection-Regrafting (TBR) algorithm. Among 389 site recorded, 356 site were invariable, 5 site were variable and 28 site were gaps or missing data. This genetic variation in the form of insertion, deletion, transition, and transversion and the deletion event has received the most contributions. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree resulted in A. longiloba being polyphyletic. The use of cpDNA with the trnL-F IGS region of IGS could not show the relationship between the Indonesian accession of intraspecies A. longiloba, so further research is needed in other areas regions of chloroplast and nuclear DNA.