Abstract
BackgroundMexico is on the top five countries with the highest number of TB cases in America continent, nevertheless, information about genotypes circulating is practically unknown. Considering the above this study aims to characterize the genetic diversity of TB in the city of Veracruz, México.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among positive smear samples from patients living in Veracruz City, samples were cultured, and first-line drug profiles determined. Genotyping was made by spoligotyping and MIRU-VNTR 24 loci. Associations of lineages, clusters, and variables were also analyzed.ResultsAmong the 202 isolates analyzed resistance to at least one drug was observed in 60 (30%) isolates and 41(20%) were multidrug-resistant. Three major lineages were identified: L4/Euro-American (88%), L1/Indo-Oceanic (9%), and L2/East Asian (3%). The Euro-American lineage included more than six sublineages, the most abundant were: H (32%), T (23%), LAM (18%), and X (12%). 140 isolates (70%) were placed in 42 SITs patterns.ConclusionsThese results provide the first baseline data on the genetic structure of TB in the city of Veracruz. Sublineages H, X and LAM were predominant; however, it was founded an important diversity of genotypes that could contribute to the dispersion of TB and explain the high prevalence. This information might be useful for the development of further interventions to reduce impact of TB.
Highlights
Mexico is on the top five countries with the highest number of TB cases in America continent, nev‐ ertheless, information about genotypes circulating is practically unknown
There are no information regards to the genotypic characteristics of the isolates circulating in Veracruz city, the goal of this work is to describe the genetic structure of tuberculosis circulating in one of the cities with the highest TB prevalence in Mexico
Demographic characteristics of the patients Out of the 239 patients initially included in the study, positive culture grows was observed in 202 samples from the same number of individuals, which were further studied
Summary
Mexico is on the top five countries with the highest number of TB cases in America continent, nev‐ ertheless, information about genotypes circulating is practically unknown. The use of molecular typing tools, such as MIRUVNTR and spoligotyping, allow the genotypic characterization of TB isolates. This information is useful to understand the population structure of M. tuberculosis circulating within specific regions [2, 3], and identify lineages, such as Beijing, with a tendency to expand rapidly in the population or to generate drug resistance [4,5,6,7]. There are no information regards to the genotypic characteristics of the isolates circulating in Veracruz city, the goal of this work is to describe the genetic structure of tuberculosis circulating in one of the cities with the highest TB prevalence in Mexico
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