Genetic Diversity and Correlation Studies for Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD), Fiber &amp;amp; Yield Related Attributes in Exotic Lines of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Gossypium arboreum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.

Muhammad Idrees Khan,Kalim Ullah,Muhammad Arshad,Hafiz Abdul Haq,Abdul Majid

doi:10.4236/ajps.2017.83042

Abstract

Genetic diversity provides the foundation for crop improvement. Genetic variation and associations among Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD), fiber and yield related traits were investigated in exotic lines of Gossypium arboreum L. in an experimental field at the Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI), Multan, Pakistan during the crop season 2011-12. One hundred and nineteen (119) accessions imported from USA through the Pakistan and US “Cotton Productivity Enhancement Program” (CPEP), were evaluated in this study. Various statistical approaches including descriptive statistics, correlation and principal component analysis was performed to evaluate and identify desirable genotypes. Results revealed that seed cotton yield was significantly and positively correlated with boll weight and number of bolls plant-1. Similarly, plant height was also significantly correlated with sympodial branches, lint percentage and micronaire value. Lint percentage showed a highly significant and positive correlation with plant height, sympodial branches and micronaire value. With respect to fiber traits, negative and significant relationships were observed between the micronaire value (MIC) and fiber strength. CLCuD showed no relationship with any of the studied traits, as all the G. arboreum L. lines evaluated were scored resistant to CLCuD. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first four out of 11 components contributed about 65.88% of the total variation having an eigen value greater than 1. Based on PCA, the genotypes GS-4, GS-9, GS-8, GS-55 and GS-50 could be utilized successfully in a future breeding program based on having the highest positive loading factor for staple length (0.135) in PC1 and seed cotton yield (0.625), number of bolls plant-1, boll weight, first sympodial nod, staple length and fiber strength in PC2 respectively.

Highlights

Cotton is known as white gold and is the principal source of foreign exchange earnings in many countries
Genetic variation and associations among Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD), fiber and yield related traits were investigated in exotic lines of Gossypium arboreum L. in an experimental field at the Central Cotton Research Institute (CCRI), Multan, Pakistan during the crop season 2011-12
It was observed that maximum variation (1258.74) was recorded in plant height, which ranged from 48 - 210 cm followed by seed cotton yield (658.91) and number of bolls plant−1 with a range of 15 - 150 g and 6.71 respectively

Summary

Introduction

Cotton is known as white gold and is the principal source of foreign exchange earnings in many countries. It contributes to the oil and seed sector as well as fiber industries [1]. Among the four cultivated species of cotton, Gossypium arboreum called “true cotton”, is a specie native to the Indian subcontinent and presently used in introgressive breeding as a donor species for improving resistance to insect pests and disease especially CLCuD in upland cotton [3] [4]. Since about 6000 BC, this crop has been present in Pakistan in a domesticated form and most of the biodiversity of this species occurs in this country [5]. G. arboreum is still grown on a small number of acres in Pakistan by small landholding farmers

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