Abstract
Chili landraces of Thailand are important germplasm resources that contain unique aroma and flavor desirable for fresh consumption and food industry. A collection of 243 chili landraces was assesed for the genetic diversity and capsaicinoids content. Diversity array genotype-by-sequencing or DArTseq was employed to generate over 22,000 SNPs from the Thai chili landraces. The SNPs were filtered to 9610 and used in the diversity and genome wide association analyses. Cluster analysis divided the chili landraces into two distinct groups according to their species: Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens species, with dissimilarity index 0.0092 – 0.841. However, very narrow genetic bases were detected within each Capsicum species. Genome wide association analysis identified seven SNPs significantly associated with the capsaicinoids content. Five of which located close to the genes involving in the capsaicinoids biosynthesis pathway.
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