Abstract
Eleutheronema tetradactylum is an important commercial fish species exposed to intense exploitation both in Southeast Asian countries and Northern parts of Australia. Research on the population structure of E. tetradactylum in these coastal waters is substantial in order to ensure sustainable use and appropriate resource management. In this study, genetic variation, diversity and population structure of E. tetradactylum among four FAO fishing areas, along South Asian countries, were evaluated using cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Totally 30 sequences of COI gene were collected from four FAO fishing areas. Among these 30 individuals, 18 distinct haplotypes were defined. High levels of haplotype diversity (hd = 0.952 ± 0.096) and nucleotide diversity (π = 0.01536 ± 0.00312) were observed in the population within the Bay of Bengal. No haplotype and nucleotide diversity were observed in South China Sea population. Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that 0.81% of the genetic variation occurred within the populations, while 7.09% variation occurred among populations. Significant genealogical branches were recognized in North Australian populations (one clade), South China Sea populations (one clade), Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal populations (one clade) on the neighbor-joining tree. These results suggested that E. tetradactylum populations in FAO fishing areas 51, 57 and 61 have developed different genetic structures. Tests of neutral evolution and mismatch distribution suggest that a population growth of E. tetradactylum may take place in these fishing areas.
Highlights
The Indian salmon, E. tetradactylum is a pelagic-neritic fish species that belongs to the Polynemidae family, which is mainly distributed in the Indo-West-Pacific region: from Persian Gulf to Papua New Guinea, Northern Australia and East Asia (Japan, China, Vietnam) (Yamada et al, 1995)
There are no data on pelagic larval duration for this species in the wild, where the larvae reach a maximum length of 30 mm (Motomura, 2004). This species is a commercially important fish that is harvested on a large scale between Kuwait and Northern Australia (Motomura, 2004), but more knowledge is needed about the stock structure for proper management of this fishery (Welch et al, 2002)
614 bp segment of the c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were used to assess the genetic diversity of E. tetradactylum populations in the FAO fishing areas 51, 57, 61 and 71, including the Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal, South China Sea and North Australian Seas
Summary
The Indian salmon, E. tetradactylum is a pelagic-neritic fish species that belongs to the Polynemidae family, which is mainly distributed in the Indo-West-Pacific region: from Persian Gulf to Papua New Guinea, Northern Australia and East Asia (Japan, China, Vietnam) (Yamada et al, 1995). COI gene sequence was used to assess genetic divergence and genetic connectivity among six E. tetradactylum populations along the Seas of the Indian Ocean, South China Sea and North Australian Seas.
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