Abstract
Information on genetic diversity of different commercial coffee cultivars grown in India during the last 90 years is scarce. In the present study, the genetic diversity of selected coffee cultivars, along with some advanced breeding lines, was evaluated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers. The average polymorphism information content (PIC) or the genetic diversity of ISSR primers (0.365) was higher than that for both RAPD (0.222) and SRAP primers (0.346). The average resolving power (Rp) of SRAP primers (13.29) was slightly lower than that of RAPD (13.60) but higher than that of ISSR primers (11.23). The genetic similarity among various cultivars using Jaccard's similarity coefficients ranged from 0.74 to 0.99 using RAPD, 0.48 to 0.94 using SRAP marker, and 0.57 to 0.95 using ISSR systems. Based on the marker analysis, all 24 coffee cultivars were clustered into two major groups, of which one is represented by cultivars belonging to C. arabica and the other group represented by C. canephora. Of the three marker systems used, the SRAP marker system was more informative and amplified several cultivar-specific fragments. The use of molecular markers can speed up genetic improvement of coffee cultivars.
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