Abstract
This study was carried out to assess the genetic diversity among elite soybean cultivars with narrow genetic base using prediction techniques involving data from genealogy and agronomic traits. These predictions were then compared to the agronomic diversity observed by growing the derived cross progenies. The cultivars FT-Cristalina, Doko RC, IAC-12, UFV-10 were selected based on their genetic diversity obtained from molecular markers.
Highlights
Selecting the best parents is essential to attain the objectives in a plant-breeding program
The identification of cultivars with greater genetic diversity allows the construction of linkage maps with greater band saturation, he lps in back crosses and in obtaining desirable recombinations (Abdelnoor et al, 1995)
Genetic diversity can be evaluated by prediction techniques or by the quantification of the heterosis shown by the hybrids (Cruz and Regazzi, 1997)
Summary
Selecting the best parents is essential to attain the objectives in a plant-breeding program. The selection may be based on the behavior of the cultivars themselves or on their genetic diversity, assessed from the parentage coefficient, or from agronomic or molecular traits. Cultivar selection to obtain segregating populations with wide genetic diversity for the traits of interest can be based on heterotic groups (Messmer et al, 1993). Genetic diversity can be evaluated by prediction techniques or by the quantification of the heterosis shown by the hybrids (Cruz and Regazzi, 1997). The latter can be obtained only if the cultivars are crossed, which is unnecessary when prediction techniques are used. Genetic diversity is a necessary condition for heterosis, it is not enough to guarantee it, as heterosis depends on the differences in allele frequencies and the dominance of the loci involved (Cress, 1966)
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