Abstract
The present study aimed to estimate the nature and magnitude of genetic divergence in 60 horse gram genotypes for ten characters using Mahalanobis D2 analysis. The genotypes were grouped into thirteen clusters. Concerning intracluster distance, the genotypes falling within cluster III (31.51) has maximum divergence. Maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster VIII and XIII (184.05), followed by cluster XI and XIII (170.83). Cluster VIII exhibited a higher mean for hundred seed weight, grain yield per plot and Bhusa yld/plot and cluster VI contained genotypes with the higher mean value for pod length and the number of seeds per pod. Among the yield contributing characters, the traits viz.,grain yield per plot (28.30%) followed by the number of pods per plant (26.21 %) and the number of branches per plant (18.36%) contributes to major genetic divergence.The results indicated that from cluster IV the genotype HA 871-5-67/2 was selected for plant height, from cluster II the genotype Morappur-1 was chosen for the number of branches per plant, from cluster XII the accession HG 102 was selected for the trait number of pods per plant, from cluster VI the genotype T 45 was chosen for pod length and the number of seeds per pod. From cluster VIII the genotypes 12EB and IC 9606 were nominated for hundred seed weight, grain yield per plot and Bhusa yield per plot(g).
Highlights
Horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] generally known as poor man’s pulse crop belongs to the family fabaceae, widely known for its hardiness, adaptable to adverse climatic conditions even unsuitable for other crops
The sixty horse gram accessions were grouped into thirteen clusters using Mahalanobis D2analysis (Table 2.)
Cluster I comprises of 39 genotypes forming the major cluster, followed by clusters III, IV and IX (3 genotypes), clusters II, V and VIII (2 genotypes), and clusters VI, VII, X, XI, XII & XIII (1 genotype)
Summary
Horse gram [Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.] generally known as poor man’s pulse crop belongs to the family fabaceae, widely known for its hardiness, adaptable to adverse climatic conditions even unsuitable for other crops. According to Vavilov, India is the primary center of origin for horse gram because the horse gram has been cultivated in peninsular India since pre- historic times.The crop is native to India and distributed all over the country from Uttarkhand in North to Tamil Nadu in south and Gujarat in the west to Bengal in East. Horse gram is a short day and day-neutral crop that requires nearly 120- 180 days to mature from the date of sowing. It has a rich source of protein, minerals, and vitamins. The present investigation has been carried out to understand the nature and magnitude of genetic diversity in the existing sixty horse gram germplasm using Mahalanobis D2
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