Abstract
In total 27 genotypes of Jesso-Balam pure line rice germplasm were studied for fourteen morpho-physiological and four physico-chemical characters at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, during T. Aman 2009 and T. Aman 2011 seasons. According to principal component scores, the two-dimensional scatter diagram (Z1-Z2) has apparently distributed the genotypes into seven clusters. According to Mahalanobis D2 statistic for the studied characters, the genotypes were clubbed into seven groups. The highest number of genotypes (6) were included in clusters I and III and the lowest two (2) in cluster V and VII. It was also revealed that no duplicate was existed among the genotypes. The intra-cluster distance was maximum (0.77) in cluster III and minimum (0.28) in cluster VII, while the maximum intercluster distance (28.37) was observed between the clusters III and IV and the minimum (2.49) between the clusters I and VII. The cluster V has produced the highest means for plant height (148.18 cm), straw yield per hill (39.97 g), panicle length (28.14 cm) and protein content (9.61%). But, the cluster IV has showed the highest means for seedling height (69.5 cm), flag and penultimate leaf area (1059.5 cm2), culm diameter (5.8 cm), filled grain number per panicle (3.64), grain length (8.63 mm) and 1000-grain weight (21.78 g), while the cluster VII had the highest means for grain yield per hill (31.27 g) and effective tiller number per hill (13.5) and the lowest mean for days to maturity (144). Therefore, the genotypes of cluster V need to be crossed with the genotypes of cluster IV or cluster VII, for developing new Balam rice with maximum other good characters. Finally, it could be concluded that the studied Jesso-Balam pure lines germplasm is a good source of valuable genes.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (1): 22-27, June, 2015
Highlights
Being rice as the staple food in this flooded basin, Bangladesh is one of the largest producers of rice in the world (Anonymous, 2013)
Milling outturn, cooking time, amylose and protein content were measured during 2011according to the laboratory manual, Grain Quality and Nutrition Division (GQND), Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI)
Genetic diversity was worked out following principal component analysis (Rao, 1964) and Mahalanobis’ (1936) generalized distance (D2) analysis extended by Rao (1952)
Summary
Being rice as the staple food in this flooded basin, Bangladesh is one of the largest producers of rice in the world (Anonymous, 2013). Rice becomes more important for the resource-poor farmers in unfavourable ecosystems, where other food crops are no longer existed. High yield with high nutritional and indigenous or traditional values need to be considered for developing new rice varieties in future. Genetic diversity is important for an efficient choice of parents for variety development programs. It is important to relaunch the old famous local rice varieties like local Balam rice (a kind of Basmoti rice) of southern region by maximizing its yield with valuable traditional traits through hybridization programs for maintaining rice diversity in the field. The present study was, undertaken to assess the extent of genetic diversity in 27 genotypes of Jesso-Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh for selecting prospective parents for developing new promising varieties of Balam rice
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