Abstract
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.), stoods in position third, being the largest natural fibre crop and simultaneously one of the five preeminent oilseed crops in the world. SSR/microsatellite markers are extensively utilized for genetic diversity analysis and cultivar identification considering their myriad abundance, co-dominant inheritance, steep polymorphism, reproducibility, and comfort of assay by PCR. Ten microsatellites were amplified in 27 genotypes of Flax. The study was undertaken to assess the genetic diversity in flax and to select most diverse genotypes for future breeding program. Primer efficiency parameters were studied. The 10 SSR loci amplified a total of 41 alleles that were used for genetic analysis. Most primers have PIC value greater than 0.5 and the LU6 marker was highly polymorphic PIC = 0.95. Estimates of RP̅ were highest for the primer LU1 (0.68). The maximum MI was observed for the primer LU10 (3.56). The H and D ranged from 0.26 to 1.78 and 0.36 to 5.40, respectively. According to Spearman rank correlation, PIC and MI were most important parameters in assessing the efficiency of whole set of 10 SSR primers. Dendrogram was constructed using the genetic similarity coefficients using UPGMA. PCo-A was also performed in support. Genetic diversity in Flax was revealed at molecular level.
Highlights
Flax (Linum usitatissimum L., 2n = 30), designated as fibre flax or linseed, is an annual herb and a self-pollinated crop species, which is grown commercially for its stem fibre and seed oil since time bygone[1,2]
The 10 primer pairs identified by Pali 32 for Indian flax were amplified on the 27 flax accessions including 11 Indian collections and 16 exotic collections.The 10 polymorphic loci identified between 2 and 7 alleles with an average of 4.1 alleles per locus in 27 flax accessions
The 10 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) loci amplified a total of 41 alleles that were used for genetic analysis
Summary
Various molecular markers: Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) have been developed and advanced to assess flax genetic diversity[24, 25]. SSR markers are characterized by the amplification size polymorphism developed when lines have variable numbers of these short tandem repeats in a distinct locus. The objectives of the present research were assessment of the genetic diversity in flax varieties at molecular level and selection of most diverse genotypes for future breeding program. The plant material comprised of 27 flax varieties collected from Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Visvavidyalaya (CSKHPKV), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India (Table 1).
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