Abstract
ABSTRACT Basil is an aromatic herb that stands out for its economic importance. It is consumed in natura and used to obtain essential oil. The cultivation of this species in several regions of the world has allowed variations by natural crosses and euploidy, leading to the wide genetic variability found nowadays. Considering the importance of this species, we aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 27 basil genotypes using ISSR molecular markers. Fourteen primers were employed for DNA amplification, resulting in 86% polymorphism. Based on the Jaccard’s dissimilarity index, the highest index (0.80) was observed between the individuals BAS001 and BAS012, while the lowest index (0.18) was detected between the genotypes BAS014 and BAS015. The genetic similarity among individuals was calculated, forming four distinct clusters. Most individuals (40.7%) were allocated in cluster I. The polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.89) indicated considerable levels of genetic diversity among genotypes. In this sense, the ISSR markers were efficient in the detection of polymorphisms between the accessions, suggesting the genetic variability of the collection. This result demonstrates the importance of the use of molecular markers and the advantages that this information provides to the breeding of the species.
Highlights
O manjericão é uma erva aromática que se destaca por possuir importância econômica
Conservation of plant genetic resources ensures the maintenance of agrobiodiversity and provides farmers and plant breeders with options to develop, by selection and breeding, new and more productive crops, which are resistant to virulent pests and diseases and adapted to changing environments (Singh et al, 2017)
DNA fingerprinting with molecular markers allows precise, objective, and rapid cultivar identification, and has proven to be an efficient tool for germplasm characterization and management (Chakravarthi & Naravaneni, 2006)
Summary
O manjericão é uma erva aromática que se destaca por possuir importância econômica. É consumido in natura e também utilizado na obtenção de óleo essencial. Considerando a importância desta espécie, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a diversidade genética de 27 genótipos de manjericão usando marcadores moleculares ISSR. Com base no índice de dissimilaridade de Jaccard, observou-se o maior índice (0,80) entre os indivíduos BAS001 e BAS012, enquanto que o menor índice de dissimilaridade (0,18) foi detectado entre os genótipos BAS014 e BAS015. Os marcadores ISSR foram eficientes na detecção de polimorfismos entre os acessos e confirmaram que é possível inferir a variabilidade genética na coleção. Due to the economic potential of medicinal and aromatic species, studies have increasingly focused on their germplasm characterization and conservation (Souza, 2015). DNA fingerprinting with molecular markers allows precise, objective, and rapid cultivar identification, and has proven to be an efficient tool for germplasm characterization and management (Chakravarthi & Naravaneni, 2006)
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