Abstract
Several studies on genetic differentiation and crop evolution based on intraspecific hybrid pollen semi-sterility, isozymes, ribosomal DNA (rDNA) RFLP, nuclear RFLP, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, transposon display (TD) markers, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been carried out to elucidate genetic relationships of foxtail millet accessions, mainly from Eurasia. Most of the studies suggest that China is the center of diversity of foxtail millet and that landraces are grouped in geographical groups. Evolution of two genes, waxy gene controlling amylose content in endosperm and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) gene for phenol color reaction (Phr) in grains, was also reviewed. These analyses showed that multiple independent loss-of-function mutations occurred in each of the two genes under human/natural selection.
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