Abstract
Severe asthma is a multifactorial disorder with marked phenotypic heterogeneity and complex interactions between genetics and environmental risk factors, which could, at least in part, explain why during standard pharmacologic treatment, many patients remain poorly controlled and at an increased risk of airway remodeling and disease progression. The concept of “precision medicine” to better suit individual unique needs is an emerging trend in the management of chronic respiratory diseases. Over the past few years, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have revealed novel pharmacogenetic variants related to responses to inhaled corticosteroids and the clinical efficacy of bronchodilators. Optimal clinical response to treatment may vary between racial/ethnic groups or individuals due to genetic differences. It is also plausible to assume that epigenetic factors play a key role in the modulation of gene expression patterns and inflammatory cytokines. Remarkably, specific genetic variants related to treatment effectiveness may indicate promising pathways for novel therapies in severe asthma. In this review, we provide a concise update of genetic determinants of poor response to treatment in severe asthma and future directions in the field.
Highlights
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease usually characterized by inflammatory changes in the lower airways that requires long-term management
Over the past few years, reGenome-Wide Association Study (GWAS), which has uncovered novel pharmacogenetic searchers have evaluated these associations through hypothesis-free strategies, such as variants related to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and bronchodilator responses
A Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) carried out by Tantisira and colleagues [41] has shown that genetic variations in glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1 genes (GLCCI1) are linked with decreased lung function in subjects treated with ICS
Summary
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease usually characterized by inflammatory changes in the lower airways that requires long-term management. It has emerged as a major public health condition estimated to affect over than 339 million people worldwide and influenced by a puzzling interaction of environmental and genetic factors [1,2]. Several factors can influence poor outcomes—among them, age, asthma, and (2) a course of oral corticosteroids or (3) emergency room visits because of continued exposureseveral to allergens and pollutants, genetic and epigeneticthem, factors. Treatment in severe asthma, and future directions reviewing the latestofpublications in the we provide a concise update of genetic determinants poor response to field. Function measurements and exacerbation despite treatment as a marker of a favorable or poor response to treatment in asthma
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
