Abstract
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legume for direct human consumption worldwide. It is a rich and relatively inexpensive source of proteins and micronutrients, especially iron and zinc. Bean is a target for biofortification to develop new cultivars with high Fe/Zn levels that help to ameliorate malnutrition mainly in developing countries. A strong negative phenotypic correlation between Fe/Zn concentration and yield is usually reported, posing a significant challenge for breeders. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic relationship between Fe/Zn. We used Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) mapping and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) analysis in three bi-parental populations that included biofortified parents, identifying genomic regions associated with yield and micromineral accumulation. Significant negative correlations were observed between agronomic traits (pod harvest index, PHI; pod number, PdN; seed number, SdN; 100 seed weight, 100SdW; and seed per pod, Sd/Pd) and micronutrient concentration traits (SdFe and SdZn), especially between pod harvest index (PHI) and SdFe and SdZn. PHI presented a higher correlation with SdN than PdN. Seventy-nine QTLs were identified for the three populations: 14 for SdFe, 12 for SdZn, 13 for PHI, 11 for SdN, 14 for PdN, 6 for 100SdW, and 9 for Sd/Pd. Twenty-three hotspot regions were identified in which several QTLs were co-located, of which 13 hotpots displayed QTL of opposite effect for yield components and Fe/Zn accumulation. In contrast, eight QTLs for SdFe and six QTLs for SdZn were observed that segregated independently of QTL of yield components. The selection of these QTLs will enable enhanced levels of Fe/Zn and will not affect the yield performance of new cultivars focused on biofortification.
Highlights
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important legumes for human consumption and is cultivated worldwide, in tropical and subtropical countries of Africa and America (Broughton et al, 2003)
The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation of genetic architecture of Fe and Zn accumulation and yield components in a common bean under irrigated and drought conditions using Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) and Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) analysis in three biofortified bi-parental Mesoamerican populations and to identify genomic regions associated with yield components, micromineral accumulation, and their possible relationship
Families in several generations and F6.8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) were evaluated for a range of yield components and micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc (SdFe and SdZn) in trials managed under irrigated and drought stress conditions
Summary
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important legumes for human consumption and is cultivated worldwide, in tropical and subtropical countries of Africa and America (Broughton et al, 2003). Bean has been documented as a highly valuable food for the human diet, an accessible and relatively inexpensive source of proteins and micronutrients, such as iron and zinc (Beebe, 2012). Micronutrient deficiencies are among the most common global nutritional problems, affecting half of the population of the world, especially women and children in developing countries (Bouis and Welch, 2010). Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), a pathology associated with scarce iron intake and absorption, affects a third of the population of the world and has been associated with several chronic diseases (Lopez et al, 2016). Zn has a key role in regulating growth and in the functioning of the immune system (Chasapis et al, 2012), and its deficiency can contribute to infections (Hambidge, 2000)
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