Genetic compatibility between Anopheles lesteri from Korea and Anopheles paraliae from Thailand

Kritsana Taai,Mi-Hyun Park,Yasushi Otsuka,Gi-Sik Min,Wej Choochote,Atiporn Saeung,Visut Baimai,Sorawat Thongsahuan,Masako Fukuda,Pradya Somboon

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762013000300009

Abstract

To assess differentiation and relationships between Anopheles lesteri and Anopheles paraliae we established three and five iso-female lines of An. lesteri from Korea and An. paraliae from Thailand, respectively. These isolines were used to investigate the genetic relationships between the two taxa by crossing experiments and by comparing DNA sequences of ribosomal DNA second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and subunit II (COII). Results of reciprocal and F1-hybrid crosses between An. lesteri and An. paraliae indicated that they were compatible genetically producing viable progenies and complete synaptic salivary gland polytene chromosomes without inversion loops in all chromosome arms. The pairwise genetic distances of ITS2, COI and COII between these morphological species were 0.040, 0.007-0.017 and 0.008-0.011, respectively. The specific species status of An. paraliae in Thailand and/or other parts of the continent are discussed.

Highlights

Phylogenetic analysis - The NJ and Bayesian trees of An. lesteri, An. paraliae, An. sinensis and An. peditaeniatus were constructed based on the ITS2, c oxidase subunit I (COI) and COII sequences (Fig. 3)
Crossing experiments using iso-female lines of closely related species of the Oriental Anopheles have proven to be a robust systematic procedure for clarifying species status, for example, Anopheles minimus and Anopheles aconitus (Harrison 1980, Sucharit & Choochote 1982), Anopheles annularis and Anopheles philippinensis (Choochote et al 1984), Anopheles nivipes and An. philippinensis (Klein et al 1984) and An. minimus and Anopheles flavirostris (Somboon et al 2000). These methods are useful for solving taxonomic problems of some sibling species complexes, e.g., Anopheles dirus (Baimai et al 1987), Anopheles maculatus (Thongwat et al 2008), An. minimus (Somboon et al 2001, 2005, Choochote et al 2002) and Anopheles barbirostris (Saeung et al 2007, 2008, Suwannamit et al 2009)
The status of subspecies or cytological races of Anopheles can be elucidated by the same approach of cytogenetic study as exemplified in An. pullus (= Anopheles yatsushiroensis) (Park et al 2003), Anopheles vagus (Choochote et al 2002), An. aconitus (Junkum et al 2005), An. sinensis (Choochote et al 1998, Min et al 2002, Park et al 2008), An. barbirostris species A1 (Saeung et al 2007, Suwannamit et al 2009), Anopheles campestrislike taxon (Thongsahuan et al 2009) and An. peditaeniatus (Choochote 2011)

Summary

Introduction

Phylogenetic analysis - The NJ and Bayesian trees of An. lesteri, An. paraliae, An. sinensis and An. peditaeniatus were constructed based on the ITS2, COI and COII sequences (Fig. 3).

Results

Conclusion