Genetic characterization of Xylella fastidiosa isolated from citrus and coffee plants

Vicente Savonitti Miranda,Sérgio Rufo Roberto,Paulo Roberto Silva Farias,Pedro Magalhães Lacava

doi:10.1590/s0103-90162007000500005

Vicente Savonitti Miranda, Sérgio Rufo Roberto + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162007000500005

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Abstract

The Citrus Variegated Chlorosis and the Coffee Leaf Scorch are some of the many destructive diseases caused by Xylella fastidiosa, a gram-negative bacterium limited to the xylem of affected plants. As its genetic characterization is still not well established, different isolates of X. fastidiosa from citrus and coffee were evaluated through RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique to characterize and classify these isolates based on similarity coefficients. Sixteen isolates of X. fastidiosa were used on this trial, obtained from citrus, coffee and almond. The genetic polymorphism evaluation was performed using six arbitrary 10-base primer pairs. It was possible to establish a dendogram in which the isolates were classified into five groups (A, B, C, D and E). A prevalence of citrus isolates in groups A and D was observed. In groups B and C, there was a prevalence of coffee isolates meanwhile the group D consisted of the almond isolate, solely.

Highlights

In the last 100 years, some fruit plants of eco- 1993), Minas Gerais (Mizubuti et al, 1994), Rio de nomical importance mainly in North America were Janeiro (Lee et al, 1991; Rossetti & De Negri, 1990), submitted to significative losses caused by Xylella Goiás, Sergipe, Santa Catarina, Distrito Federal and Rio fastidiosa (Wells et al, 1987), a xylem-limited gram- Grande do Sul states (Tubelis et al, 1993)
The sympnegative bacterium, which affects a large number of toms occur initially in a portion of the tree and they species, including mono and dicotyledon woody plants spread very fast over the whole canopy
Located at the top of the tree die along time, the leaves In Brazil, this bacterium is the causal agent of fall and the fruit production is reduced one year after the the Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC), Coffee Leaf tree has been infected (Lee et al, 1993)

Summary

Introduction

In the last 100 years, some fruit plants of eco- 1993), Minas Gerais (Mizubuti et al, 1994), Rio de nomical importance mainly in North America were Janeiro (Lee et al, 1991; Rossetti & De Negri, 1990), submitted to significative losses caused by Xylella Goiás, Sergipe, Santa Catarina, Distrito Federal and Rio fastidiosa (Wells et al, 1987), a xylem-limited gram- Grande do Sul states (Tubelis et al, 1993). In Brazil, this bacterium is the causal agent of fall and the fruit production is reduced one year after the the Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC), Coffee Leaf tree has been infected (Lee et al, 1993). It. The Coffee Leaf Scorch (CLS) was firstly rewas observed for the first time in the Sao Paulo and ported in October of 1995 causing outbreaks in some. Minas Gerais states, in 1987 (Lee et al, 1993) At this regions of Sao Paulo state and south of Minas Gerais moment, the CVC was found widespread over citrus state (Paradela Filho et al, 1995).

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