Abstract
Pigs were identified as potential test pigs at birth and ear tagged for identification. Characteristics including litter, genetic background, gender, and birth weight were recorded and used in allotting PCV2 vaccine treatment groups. Pigs were vaccinated according to label dose with a 2-dose commercial PCV2 vaccine (Circumvent PCV, Intervet Inc., Millsboro, DE) at weaning (d 0) and again 14 d later. Vaccinated and control pigs were comingled within the same pen for the duration of the study. Pigs were individually weighed on d 0, 40, and 130 to measure growth rate. Backfat and loin depth were measured on d 130 by using real-time ultrasound. Blood was collected on d 0, 40, and 130 for indirect fluorescent antibody measurement of PCV2 antibodies and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for determination of PCV2 virus load. By d 130, vaccinates were heavier (P < 0.01) than controls. However, the magnitude of the weight difference between control and vaccinates was almost 4 times greater in the A×A pigs than in the B×B pigs (P < 0.05). On the basis of growth performance, the different genetic backgrounds responded differently to the PCV2 vaccination even though they were comingled in the same pen. In the 2 pure-line populations, even the best performing portion of the population appeared to benefit from vaccination, suggesting that growth performance of most pigs is being affected by PCV2 infection.
Highlights
The primary agent of porcine circoviral disease (PCVD) is porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2)
A total of 454 pigs (21 d of age, 13.4 lb) were used in a 130-d field study to investigate porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine effects on growth performance of boars and gilts of 4 different genetic backgrounds: A×A (Duroc-based sire and dam), B×B, A×B, and B×A
Pigs were vaccinated according to label dose with a 2-dose commercial PCV2 vaccine (Circumvent PCV, Intervet Inc., Millsboro, DE) at weaning (d 0) and again 14 d later
Summary
The primary agent of porcine circoviral disease (PCVD) is porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). The approved case definition for PCVD defines a PCVD herd as one which demonstrates one or more of the following clinical manifestations: wasting, respiratory or enteric signs, high mortality, porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, or reproductive disorders. Porcine circoviral disease is confirmed by finding microscopic lesions consistent with the disease in affected pigs as well as the presence of viral antigen in tissues. Limited, controlled research has been completed to define the role of these risk factors in the development and expression of PCVD and response to vaccination. The focus of this study was to further elucidate the contribution of genetic background to PCVD by comparing the response of different genetic lines of pigs to PCV2 vaccination in a high-health herd with naturally circulating PCV2
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