Abstract
This study characterized five (5) varieties of mango comprising 15 accessions collected from Ogbomosho, Saki, Ibadan and other locations in Oyo State. The field experiment was laid out in a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates. Morphological characters were assessed on the stem, leaf and fruit. Also, Molecular studies (DNA amplification and sequencing) were carried out on 15 accessions of mango. The edited sequences were blasted in the National Center of Biotechnology Information (NCBI) data website. The Results showed variability in morphological characters of Mango. Ogbomosho Acc-2 performed best for leaf width (4.53cm) and lamina length (16.25cm) while Isehin Acc-1 had the highest number of leaves per seedling (7.76cm), leaf length (17.06cm), leaf area (38.84cm), petiole length (2.27cm), plant height (24.07cm) respectively. The Number of leaves had positive correlation with Leaf length (r=0.53), Leaf Area (r=0.59), Internodal Length (r= 0.55) and strong positive correlation with plant height (r=0.73) at p≤0.05. The success rate of amplified DNA products and sequencing was 77.78%. The query coverage of 99% and 100% confirmed positive amplification and sequencing of rbcL gene in the mango varieties. The sequences blasted in the NCBI data website were identified to be similar to accession KX871231.1. Sequences of rbcL marker showed genetic differences among samples; Grafe and OGBM Acc -1. Genetic distance between varieties from the same location was most often lower with Grafe mango being the most distant variety with genetic distance of 0.114-0.117. There were morphological and molecular variations in mango varieties and accessions. Isehin Acc-1, Saki Acc-1 and OGBM Acc-6 accessions had better growth performance
Highlights
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a f avorite diploid f ruit tree with 20 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 40) and 439 Mbp genome size (Roy and Visweswaraiya, 1995; Mukherjee SK, and Litz, 2009)
Mango was introduced to West Af rica in the 16th century by the Portuguese and since it has become highly diversif ied and accepted f ruit in Nigeria and other Af rican countries (Okigbo, 2001; Fowomola, 2010)
Being an important f ruit crop with huge diversity, the plant portends an important genetic resource that may be explored by breeders f or improvement purposes especially the f ruit characters (IITA, 2015)
Summary
India is the largest producer in the world (18.0 million tons per year) (FAO, 2015), More than a thousand varieties of Mango have been identif ied all over the world (Rymbai et al, 2014). About 63 countries account f or more than 1000 million tons of mango f ruit production annually with India as the leading producer (FAOSTAT, 2015). Morphological characterization is an important traditionally tools used to study variation in dif f erent crops (Gonzalez et al, 2002) including mango (Subedi et al, 2009). DNA extraction is one of the methods used in molecular analysis of plants and the use of Sodium Dodecyl Sulf ate (SDS) and Proteinase K procedure described by Goldenberger et al, (1995) has been f ound promising in DNA extraction with high rate of ef f iciency. This study investigated the variability and relationship among the mango varieties and accessions evaluated in this study
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