Genetic Assessment of <i>Amaranthus</i> Linn. Genotypes in Treatment Combinations of <i>Glomus clarum</i> and <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> Lam. Using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Marker

Abstract

The molecular and genetic assessments of the seeds of five Amaranthus genotypes in four treatment combinations of Arbuscular mycorrhiza Fungus ( Glomus clarum ) and Green manure ( Leucaena leucocephala ) were evaluated using SSR maker with four primers. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design with four replicates. Heritability of growth traits were higher than yield traits for treated Amaranthus genotypes. The plant height had strong positive correlation with stem length (r=0.8919), inflorescent length (r=0.6150) and inflorescent width (r=0.6004). Prin 1 accounted for the highest variation with proportion of 0.4197 and eigenvalue of 5.8765. The study detected the polymorphism, gene and allelic diversity and established phylogenetic relationships among the Amaranthus population. NGBO1271 treated with G. clarum + L . leucocephala had the highest concentration of extracted DNA (4039.2ul), while NGBO1234 treated with G. clarum and NGBO1234 treated with L . leucocephala had highest genomic DNA nanodrop of 2.14 gl. A total of 15 alleles were detected and number of allele per primer ranged from 3 to 5 with mean value of 3.75. The highest allelic frequency of 0.75 was recorded for ASAAC005 and ASAAC006. However, ASAAC001 primer was polymorphic (66.86%), with highest allele number and allele diversity of 5.0000 and 0.7200 respectively. The result from Nei’s coefficient also confirmed genetic variation based on the total gene diversity and gene diversity per locus. The dendogram among the treated Amaranthus genotypes showed their phylogenetic relationship which can be useful in selection of closely related genotypes for desirable traits. Therefore, NGBO1234 and NGBO1271, G. clarum and L . leucocephala could be suitable genotypes and further explored in genetic improvement of crops. Also, ASAAC001 primer could be considered in molecular breeding of Amaranthus and other vegetables.