Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a leading cause of respiratory diseases in many host species. To understand the genetic characteristics of P. multocida strains isolated from different host species, we sequenced the genomic DNA of P. multocida isolated from pigs and analyzed the genetic characteristics of strains from avian species, bovine species, pigs, and rabbits using whole genome sequence (WGS) data. Our results found that a capsular: lipopolysaccharide (LPS): multilocus sequence typing (MLST) genotype A: L1: ST129 (43.75%) was predominant in avian P. multocida; while genotypes B: L2: ST122 (60.00%) and A: L3: ST79 (30.00%) were predominate in bovine P. multocida; genotype D: L6: ST50 (37.50%) in porcine P. multocida; and genotype A: L3: ST9 (76.47%) in rabbit P. multocida. Comparative genomic analysis of P. multocida from different host species found that there are no genes in the P. multocida genome that are specific to any type of host. Phylogenetic analysis using either whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or the set of SNPs present in all single-copy core genes across genomes showed that P. multocida strains with the same LPS genotype and MLST genotype were clustered together, suggesting the combining both the LPS and MLST typing schemes better explained the topology seen in the P. multocida phylogeny.
Highlights
Pasteurella multocida infects a wide spectrum of domestic and wild animals such as poultry and wild birds, pigs, cattle and buffaloes, rabbits, small ruminants, cats, dogs and other mammals (Wilkie et al, 2012; Wilson and Ho, 2013)
We genotyped P. multocida strains from these host species using their whole genome sequence (WGS) data
It is widely documented that P. multocida strains causing avian pasteurellosis are most frequently designated Carter: Heddleston serotypes A:1, A:3, or A:4 (Adler et al, 1999; Wilson and Ho, 2013), and P. multocida Heddleston serotype 1 and 3/4 strains produced LPS genotypes L1 and L3, respectively (Harper et al, 2011, 2013)
Summary
Pasteurella multocida infects a wide spectrum of domestic and wild animals such as poultry and wild birds, pigs, cattle and buffaloes, rabbits, small ruminants, cats (including house cats and large wild cats), dogs and other mammals (Wilkie et al, 2012; Wilson and Ho, 2013). The bacterium is classified into five capsular serogroups (A, B, D, E, F) and/or 16 somatic serotypes according to its capsule and/or LPS antigens, respectively (Carter, 1955; Heddleston et al, 1972). These traditional serological typing methods are too complicated to be used, because the preparation of the high-sensitive antiserum required for these methods is very difficult (Peng et al, 2016). Molecular typing methods have been developed to help assign P. multocida into five capsular genotypes (A, B, D, E, F) (Townsend et al, 2001) and eight LPS genotypes (L1-L8) (Harper et al, 2015). The multilocus sequence typing method has been designed for P. multocida (Subaaharan et al, 2010), and it has been widely used in epidemiology and surveillance (Hotchkiss et al, 2011; Moustafa et al, 2013; Fernández-Rojas et al, 2014; Peng et al, 2018)
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