Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing fibre quality of Bolivian llamas

Abstract

Fibre samples of 2378 llamas were analysed with the optical fibre diameter analyser (OFDA). The following traits were considered: mean fibre diameter (MFD), standard deviation (S.D.), diameter of fibre <30 μm (DF < 30), proportion fibre <30 μm (% F < 30), proportion of kemp (PK) and proportion of medullated fibre (PMF). The effects of type of llama, age, sex and coat colour were studied. The type of llama influenced all traits showing that Th’ampulli (fibre type) is better than Kh’ara (meat type). With increasing age of the animal MFD, S.D., DF < 30 and PK increased whereas % F < 30 decreased. Comparing the two sexes, females showed better fibre quality. Heritabilities and genetic correlations for fibre traits were estimated using animal model procedures where all information came from mother–offspring relationships. Heritability estimates were 0.33, 0.28, 0.36, 0.32 and 0.25 for MFD, S.D., DF < 30, % F < 30 and PK, indicating potential for genetic selection. Genetic correlations between fibre traits and some body measurements were also calculated. In conclusion, the llama population studied shows a high genetic potential for high quality fibre production. The information available allows further steps towards the design of a breeding program.