Abstract
The investigation of field bean adaptation in Finnish climatic conditions was carried out at the University of Helsinki in 1976—77. The main objectives were to study the effects of seeding time and population density on the quantity and quality of the yield and the vegetative features in the development of two different types of field bean varieties. Field bean yielded 4061 kg/ha in 1976. In 1977only 2042kg/ha was harvested due to the lack of light during the grain filling period and the presense of plant diseases. Delayed seeding lowered yields in both years. Maximum yield was obtained with the seed rate of 240 kg/ha. Two weeks delay in the seeding speeded up flowering by two days. Temperature sum in degree days from seeding to emergence was 140—170°C, from seeding to flowering 618—637°C and from seeding to maturity 1670—1890°C. LAI was 5.7 for early variety and 4.3 for late variety at the time of pod setting representing very effective situation for CGR. Number and distribution of internodes, pods and seeds were primarily influenced by population density and secondly by the differences between varieties.
Highlights
The field bean was one of the most important crops for human nutrition in Europe until the early 17th century
In Finland field beans were cultivated since the early 16th century
Field bean is considered very sensitive to the stress conditions caused by either lack of light or water ( OSVALD 1959)
Summary
The field bean was one of the most important crops for human nutrition in Europe until the early 17th century. Later it was replaced by potato and maize. In Finland field beans were cultivated since the early 16th century. Eastern type native cultivars have been maintained in Eastern Finland until today, the rest of the Europe have long ago adopted breeded varieties (KIVI 1975). The plant can tolerate short periods of —4°C growing conditions. Optimum temperature for growth lies between 23—28°C according to varieties. Field bean is considered very sensitive to the stress conditions caused by either lack of light or water ( OSVALD 1959)
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