Genetic and environmental parameters for mature weight and other growth measures in Polled Hereford cattle.

Abstract

Variances and covariances were estimated for birth weight (BWT), weaning weight (WW), yearling gain (YG), yearling weight (YW), yearling height (YH), relative growth from birth to weaning (RGW) and weaning to yearling (RGY), and mature weight (MW). Field records on 572,446 Polled Hereford cattle were analyzed. Because multiple dam weights were collected on a cow the MW used in the analysis was calculated using a nonlinear regression correction factor computed by fitting a quadratic with a plateau to the data. If the cow had an observation(s) beyond the inflection point (IP), the closest weight to that point was used. If the cow only had observation(s) before the IP the closest weight to that point was nonlinearly adjusted to the plateau. The IP for this data set was 1,506 d and the plateau was 554.7 kg. Heritabilities and genetic and environmental correlations were calculated from the appropriate (co)variances and phenotypic correlations were computed. Heritability estimates for BWT, WW, YG, YW, YH, RGW, RGY, and MW were .49, .24, .23, .30, .59, .24, .15, and .52, respectively. Genetic correlations between MW with BWT, WW, YG, YW, YH, RGW, and RGY were .64, .80, .76, .89, .73, -.29, and .35, respectively, environmental correlations were .15, .43, .05, .40, 1.03, .32, and -.10, respectively, and phenotypic correlations were .33, .32, .28, .46, .70, .00, and .07, respectively.