Genetic analysis of the traits introgressed from Aegilops speltoides Tausch. to bread wheat and determined by chromosome 5A genes

Abstract

A winter common wheat accession from the Arsenal collection was genetically examined to study the results of introgression, which substantially changed the physiological and morphological traits of the original spring cultivar Rodina. Apart from its winter habit, the accession was characterized by awned speltoid spikes, suggesting introgression into chromosome 5A, which carried marker genes in the order Vrn-Al-Q-Bl. Genetic analysis showed that the chromosome fragment introgressed from Aegilops speltoides recombined well with the homeologous region of common wheat chromosome 5A in the region between the Vrn-Al and Q genes. Recombination between the Vrn-Al and Bl genes was not detected, and it was assumed that the order of the marker genes of chromosome 5A was inverted to produce Q-Vrn-Al-Bl. When the winter introgression line was crossed with Triticum spelta, an interaction of two dominant genes determining the spike character was for the first time detected in F1, increasing the spike length and the number of spikelets, and was transmitted to F2. It was assumed that Ae. speltoides had a homeoallelic speltoid gene, which was designated as Q(S).