Genetic Analysis of Broad-grown Wheat Cultivar Bainong AK58 and Its Sib Lines

Abstract

Bainong AK58 has been growing widely in Southern Huang-Huai Rivers Facultative Winter Wheat Region in China. Bainong AK58 and its two sib lines, Fengshou 60 and Bainong 4330, were evaluated based on agronomic traits, high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), protein content, and 657 SSR markers distributing across the whole genome of wheat. Bainong AK58 had more spikelets, grains per spike, spikes per plant, and larger 1000-grain weight than the sib lines, and the number of sterile spikelets in Bainong AK58 was less than that in Fengshou 60 and Bainong 4330. Bainong AK58 had the same HMW-GS composition (1, 7+8, 5+10) as its parent Zhengzhou 8960, whereas Fengshou 60, Bainong 4330 and their parent Wenmai 6 had the identical HMW-GS composition (1, 7+9, 5+10). SSR data revealed that the rates of genetic information inher-ited from parents Zhoumai 11, Wenmai 6, and Zhenzhou 8960 were 47.4%, 28.9%, and 23.7% for Bainong AK58, and 47.9%, 30.7%, and 21.4% for Fengshou 60, respectively. This indicated that Bainong AK58 and Fengshou 60 were most similar to parent Zhoumai 11. Bainong 4330 inherited nearly equal genetic components from the three parents (33.1%, 32.4%, and 34.6%, respec-tively). The genetic contributions from the three parents to the three sib lines were unbalanced on either genomic level or chro-mosomal level. Furthermore, Bainong AK58 had 40 specific SSR loci compared to its sib lines, which were distributed on chro-mosomes 1A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 1B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 1D, 2D, 3D, and 7D. Most of the loci were related to known genes controlling important traits, such as yield and resistance to diseases. These loci might play an important role on the broad planting of Bainong AK58.