Abstract
Recent advances in the molecular genetics of cancer in humans and experimental rodents provide strong support for the somatic mutation theory of carcinogenesis. It is now known that at least two distinct classes of genes, proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, are altered in cancer cells. A number of tumor types frequently contain ras proto-oncogenes that have been activated by a point mutation. Losses of heterozygosity in specific chromosomal regions which are detected by the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms suggest the involvement of tumor suppressor genes in a wide variety of human cancers. This review discusses results from a series of studies that have characterized activating ras mutations in spontaneous and chemically induced liver and lung tumors of mice and rats. Initial results from the application of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for tumor suppressor gene identification in liver and lung tumors of B6C3F1 mice are also presented.
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