GENESIS OF THE NATIONAL PREVENTIVE MECHANISM IN INDEPENDENT UKRAINE

Abstract

The subject of the research in the article is the development and establishment of a national preventive mechanism for the prevention of torture and ill-treatment in places of detention. The chronology of the development of a model of a preventive mechanism in the world is considered. Analyzed the UN Convention against Torture on the basis of which the concept of torture is disclosed and highlights the main signs of torture. An important step for the creation of a national preventive mechanism in Ukraine was the ratification of the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention against Torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment and the adoption of the Law of Ukraine "On Amendments to the Law of Ukraine" On the Authorized Person of the Paramount Soviet of Ukraine on Human Rights "By the national preventive mechanism" dated October 2, 2012. In Ukraine, the national preventive mechanism operates in the “Ombudsman +” model and provides for a system of regular and independent visits to closed-type institutions. The author covers the situation of the main sources of law governing the implementation of the function of the national preventive mechanism in Ukraine, directly, the UN Convention against Torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment and the Factional Protocol to Convention.