Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 virus emerged in 2016 and spread to Russia, Europe, and Africa. Our analysis of viruses from domestic ducks at Tanguar haor, Bangladesh, showed genetic similarities with other viruses from wild birds in central Asia, suggesting their potential role in the genesis of A(H5N8).
Highlights
Pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 virus emerged in 2016 and spread to Russia, Europe, and Africa
HA, neuraminidase (NA), and nonstructural protein (NS) genes of novel Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N8) viruses were closely related to those of the group B HPAI A(H5N8) viruses that circulated in China in 2013 and in South Korea in 2014 [5,10]
We demonstrated that several internal genes from viruses in ducks in Bangladesh have an equivalent or higher consensus identity to those of other viruses of wild birds in central Asia, suggesting that these viruses could be gene donors to the novel reassortant A(H5N8) viruses, which were disseminated by wild birds
Summary
Pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 virus emerged in 2016 and spread to Russia, Europe, and Africa. To better understand the evolution and origin of the novel HPAI A(H5N8) viruses, we sequenced and analyzed the full genomes of LPAI viruses isolated from wild and free-ranging domestic ducks in the Tanguar haor area of Bangladesh, located in the central Asian flyway, and compared them with the novel HPAI A(H5N8) viruses. We isolated 4 influenza A(H3N6), 4 influenza A(H7N1), 1 influenza A(H7N5), 3 influenza A(H7N9), and 2 influenza A(H15N9) viruses, all from free-ranging domestic ducks except for a single H7N5 virus, which was isolated from a migratory blacktailed godwit (online Technical Appendix Table, https:// wwwnc.cdc.gov/EID/article/23/8/17-0143-Techapp1.pdf).
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