Genesis of basic definitions in the field of physical education in the scientific and reference literature of Romania

Abstract

The genesis of professional terminology is carried out. The author singled out the work of Romanian researcher L. Macedon, who emphasizes that most of the terms of the late eighteenth - nineteenth centuries. was based on the gymnastic lexicon, and the first work of Romanian authorship was a monograph by Professor D. Ionescu "Terminology of exercises for order, free and with objects and on shells." In addition, the use of terms in different interpretations was witnessed: exercises or type of physical activity (used to define exercises in fencing, horseback riding, wrestling before the official appearance of the term "sport"); exercises for the body or "usual, necessary exercises for the rebirth of people", for the sake of "physical strength". It is determined that in the same period the concept of "physical education" and "school physical education" was finally formed, which, according to G. Mochan, included gymnastics, outdoor games, excursions and walks, winter activities in the daily routine of the educational institution. It is proved that the theory and practice of physical education of Romanian schoolchildren of the studied period, its basic terminology, have undergone significant changes depending on the specific historical and social conditions that reflect the interests of society. The genesis of professional definitions was influenced by global and local trends in physical education and its militarization, growing interest in physical education, the formation of scientific justification for the essence of exercise, differentiation of individual sports and the creation of organizational forms - schools and clubs, independent sports associations.