Abstract
The endosperm storage proteins of barley (hordeins) can be divided into four groups A, B, C and D. The A hordeins are probably not true storage proteins and their genetics has not been studied. The other three groups are specified by the lociHor-2, Hor-1 andHor-3, respectively. These all appear to map on chromosome 5 withHor-1 andHor-2 being linked both to each other (ca. 12% recombination) and to the mildew-resistance lociMla andMlk. The nature of the loci has been studied further by examining the chemical relationship between the proteins and by isolation of the mRNAs specifying them and the preparation of cDNA clones. N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid sequences of ‘C’ hordein fractions show a high degree of structural homology. The relative positions of methionine residues in the polypeptide chains have been used to compare the various B hordein polypeptides. Cloning of double-stranded cDNA derived from endosperm poly A+ RNA has given rise to a family of B hordein-related DNAs, some of which have been sequenced. The results of these approaches suggest that the hordein loci are complex multigene families derived from single ancestral genes by cycles of gene duplication and mutation.
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