Abstract
The generic features of modulation instability (MI) in optical fibers are disclosed by application of an extended nonlinear Schroedinger equation. The role of arbitrary higher-order dispersions, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and self-steepening (SS) in MI is identified. It is shown that all odd-order dispersions contribute nothing to MI, whereas all even-order dispersions not only affect the conventional instability regions but may also lead to the appearance of new MI regions. In the presence of SRS, the MI gain spectrum in optical fibers consists of two parts: the conventional MI gain spectrum and the Raman gain spectrum. In the case of normal dispersion, MI occurs due to SRS. In the case of anomalous dispersion, as the initial power increases, the SRS gain spectrum is gradually screened from the conventional MI gain spectrum. Self-steepening exerts little influence on MI in both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes. Numerical simulation confirms the obtained analytical results.
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