Abstract
This paper proposes a Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) model of a 2 GW offshore network with the parallel operation of two Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC)—High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission links connecting four Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) to two onshore systems, which represent a large scale power system. Additionally, to mitigate the challenges corresponding to voltage and frequency stability issues in large scale offshore networks, a Direct Voltage Control (DVC) strategy is implemented for the Type-4 Wind Generators (WGs), which represent the OWFs in this work. The electrical power system is developed in the power system simulation software RSCADTM, that is suitable for performing EMT based simulations. The EMT model of 2 GW offshore network with DVC in Type-4 WGs is successfully designed and it is well-coordinated between the control structures in MMCs and WGs.
Highlights
According to the Paris Agreement, the European Union’s (EU) should contribute in reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by at least 40% by 2030 when compared to 1990 [1].The plans involve a future target between 70 GW to 150 GW offshore wind power installed in the North Sea by 2040
The development of a large scale Electro-Magnetic Transient (EMT) model of a 2 GW offshore network in RSCAD is explained in detail
The modifications in the control structures of the Modular Multi-level Converter (MMC) to work in coordination with the implemented Direct Voltage Control (DVC) in Wind Generators (WGs) are addressed
Summary
According to the Paris Agreement, the European Union’s (EU) should contribute in reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by at least 40% by 2030 when compared to 1990 [1]. The state-of-the-art technology for the transfer of offshore wind power to the onshore system are Voltage Source Converter (VSC) based-HVDC transmission links. With the available MMC-HVDC transmission technology, multiple MMC-HVDC transmission links connected in parallel would be required to transfer the bulk amount of offshore wind power generated from large scale offshore networks to the onshore system. The progress towards the development of large scale offshore networks calls for a generic model with a suitable layout and available technology that is capable of tackling the aforementioned technical challenges and providing stable operation during steady state and dynamic conditions. The novelty of the paper lies in the implementation of DVC in four WGs in parallel operation and work in coordination with two MMCs with different control strategies during steady-state and dynamic conditions in the network.
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